Two independent buckets, each with its own ceiling, added together. The first covers premiums for you, your spouse and your dependent children. The second covers premiums for your parents, whether or not they are dependent on you.
Each ceiling is ₹25,000, rising to ₹50,000 where the person insured is 60 or over. So a taxpayer under 60 paying for parents over 60 has ₹25,000 in the first bucket and ₹50,000 in the second, ₹75,000 in total. Where the taxpayer is also over 60, the combined maximum is ₹1,00,000.
A preventive health check-up counts up to ₹5,000, and it sits insidethe relevant ceiling rather than on top of it. Medical expenditure on an uninsured parent aged 80 or over is deductible within the parents’ ceiling.